Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was created in 1854, when Kansas and Nebraska wanted to be admitted as states into the Union. The Union decided if the states should be slave or free states in a much different way than the Missouri Compromise intended. Remember that no slavery was allowed north of the 36 30 parallel. However, now the two states would vote on if they should allow slavery or not. This process successfully repealed the Missouri Compromise. When Kansas voted to decide if slavery was allowed or not, the state had a civil war between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces. In response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Republican Party was created. The party's original goal was to stop the spread of slavery, but not entirely abolish it. The Republican Party also wanted to modernize the economy. Since the states got to vote on slavery, the South became scared of losing political power in the Senate.
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Dred Scott Case
The Dred Scott Case occurred in 1857. The case was that a slave named Dred Scott lived in free states for more than two years while accompanying his owner as he traveled across the Union. Dred Scott then sued for his freedom and the case went to the Supreme Court. When the court decided on a ruling, the North was angered by it. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was not a citizen and therefore he could not sue anyone in court. This made northerners furious because they now saw the Supreme Court as being on the South's side (even some of the judges that ruled on the case owned slaves). The Dred Scott Case really strengthened the abolitionist movement and divided the Union even more.
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